Stoicism is a philosophical system that originated in ancient Greece, founded by Zeno of Citium in the early 3rd century BC. It emphasizes the development of self-control and fortitude as a means of overcoming destructive emotions. Central to Stoic philosophy is the idea that we should focus on what is within our control and accept what is not, leading to a tranquil and virtuous life. This philosophy teaches us to be indifferent to external events and to find happiness in virtue alone. Existentialism, on the other hand, is a philosophical movement that emerged in the 19th and 20th centuries, particularly in Europe. It emphasizes the individual's existence, freedom, and choice. Existentialists argue that individuals are entirely free and must take personal responsibility for their actions. This philosophy often explores themes of isolation, alienation, and the absurdity of life, suggesting that we must create our own meaning in a world devoid of inherent meaning. Nihilism is a belief that all values are baseless and that nothing can be known or communicated. It often manifests as a deep skepticism toward existence and a rejection of traditional morality and authority. Nihilists argue that life is without objective meaning, purpose, or intrinsic value. This philosophy can lead to feelings of despair or emptiness, as it questions the fundamental grounds of existence. Absurdism is a philosophical stance that suggests the efforts of humanity to find inherent meaning will ultimately fail because the sheer amount of information and knowledge that exists in the world will never provide a coherent understanding of the world around us. This philosophy, often associated with the works of Albert Camus, suggests that we should embrace the absurdity of the human condition and find meaning in our own actions, even in the face of an indifferent universe